Mbps vs MB/s: what is the difference?

The lowercase b means bits; uppercase B means bytes. Network connections are commonly advertised in Mbps, while browsers and file-copy tools often show MB/s.

The simple formula

There are 8 bits in one byte, so divide Mbps by 8 to get theoretical MB/s. To go the other direction, multiply MB/s by 8.

Why measured speed is lower

The conversion is exact, but a real transfer also has protocol overhead and may be limited by Wi-Fi, storage, servers, latency or congestion.